Harve Presnell -- "They Call the Wind Maria" (1969)

Away out here they've got a name 

For rain and wind and fire

The rain is Tess, the fire's Joe 

They call the wind Maria

That's not "Ma-REE-uh," by the way -- it's "Ma-RYE-uh."  As in "Mariah Carey" (who was named after this song).

In George Rippey Stewart's 1941 novel Storm, he gives the storm which is the protagonist of his story the name "Maria."  Stewart later had this to say about the pronunciation of "Maria": "The soft Spanish pronunciation is fine for some heroines, but our Maria here is too big for any man to embrace and much too boisterous." He went on to say, "So put the accent on the second syllable, and pronounce it 'rye'."

Sheet music for "Maria"

Stewart's novel inspired Alan J. Lerner and Frederick Lowe to write a song about a storm named "Maria" for their 1951 Broadway musical about the California gold rush, Paint Your Wagon.  They used Stewart's pronunciation of "Maria."

Stewart's novel also inspired military meteorologists to start giving women's names to storms in the Pacific during World War II.  In 1953, a similar system of using women's names was adopted for North Atlantic storms.  This continued until 1979, when men's names also began to be used.  

Sandy can be either a male or female name, but the recent Hurricane Sandy was a lady, not a dude.  (They alternate male and female names, and Sandy was preceded and succeeded by storms with male names.)

Sandy had a devastating effect on large parts of New Jersey, New York, and Connecticut.  Here's a shot of what Sandy did to the Seaside Heights, NJ, roller-coaster:

Sandy also may have been the determining factor in the 2012 Presidential election.

CBS and Fox reported that exit polls indicated that Hurricane Sandy and President Obama's response to the storm's devastation may have turned what was perceived as a neck-and-neck race in Obama's favor.

Over 40% of the voters surveyed on November 6 said Obama's response to the hurricane was an important factor in how they had decided to vote that day.

And 15% of voters said Obama's response to the "superstorm" was the most important factor in how they voted.  Given that the President's response was almost universally praised by the news media, it is reasonable to assume that virtually all of those people voted for him.

(To say that a voter was favorably impressed by Obama's response to the hurricane really means that he or she was favorably impressed by the favorable news coverage of that response, of course.  It's one thing for a President to appear concerned and empathetic on the evening news programs, and quite another for his administration to do a good job managing the myriad of nitty-gritty tasks that need to be performed to restore life in the affected area to normal.  It's too early to give the government response a final grade -- maybe it will get an A+, maybe it will get a C- . . . only time will tell. )

Many of those voters would certainly have voted for Obama even if there had never been a Hurricane Sandy.  But it seems likely that quite a few of them had not made up their mind when Sandy struck, and that the favorable perception of the President in the aftermath of the storm was the tipping point for them.

So Sandy almost certainly did one of two things.  It turned what would have been a narrow Romney victory into an Obama victory.  Or it turned what would have been a narrow Obama win into a much more comfortable Obama win.

Taxicab lot in Hoboken, NJ, after Sandy

Reasonable people can differ over which of those two things Sandy did -- but I don't think anyone is arguing that Sandy helped the Republican candidate.

MSNBC commentator and Obama supporter Chris Matthews agreed with this view.  On election night, he said "I'm so glad we had that storm last week."  (A few days later, Matthews confused carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide when talking about greenhouse gases.  I'd say it's time to put Mr. Matthews out to pasture, but whoever replaces him would probably be just as dumb.)

This is the last 2 or 3 lines that will discuss the 2012 election.  I chose to feature "They Call the Wind Maria" not only because the mighty wind we called Hurricane Sandy may have had a decisive effect on the election's outcome, but also in recognition of all the windiness that the self-proclaimed political experts have loosed upon Washington, DC, and the rest of the United States in the two weeks since the voters spoke.

Was Hurricane Sandy his fault?

You should discount all the talk about the GOP being caught in a demographic vise, or claims that Romney lost because of a gender gap, or blah, blah, blah.

You can also safely dismiss those pundits who say that Republicans will never win the White House again unless they dramatically change their platform.

Let's look at recent history.  President Obama, a Democrat, will serve eight years.  Before him, a Republican was President for eight years.  Before him, a Democrat was President for eight years.  Before him, a Republican was President for 12 years.  (OK, OK, technically it was two Republicans -- Ronald Reagan and the senior George Bush.  But Bush was Reagan's Vice-President, and won largely thanks to Reagan's popularity.)

Do you see a pattern here?  Our last three Presidents all won re-election over uninspiring opponents.  Clinton and Bush had lots of problems in their second terms, which sealed the fate of the men their parties nominated to succeed them.  Second-term Presidents often push things too far -- after all, they've got nothing to lose -- and the voting public often becomes fatigued with a party after eight years.  So they vote for the other guys.

The 1984 Presidential election map

In my lifetime -- which spans 16 Presidential elections -- only one party has managed a three-term winning streak: the Republicans in 1980, 1984, and 1988.  Will the Democrats equal that by winning in 2016?

Anything is possible.  But I'm going to bet that the Dems' winning streak will end at two.  After all, that's been the predominant pattern for 60 years.

One final historical note.  Only once in those 60 years has the White House changed hands in two consecutive elections -- that was in 1980, when Ronald Reagan defeated the Democratic incumbent, Jimmy Carter (who had won the 1976 election thanks in large part to the GOP's Watergate hangover).  

As noted above, the only time one party won three straight elections was when Reagan's VP was running.  Other sitting veeps who have been nominated -- Richard Nixon, Hubert Humphrey, and Al Gore -- have failed.  (I'd bet dollars to donuts that Joseph R. Biden, Jr., won't succeed where those three have failed.)

Based on that, it's hard to argue that anyone other than Ronald Reagan is the most successful American politician of the last 60 years.  He's clearly the greatest President of my lifetime to date, and I doubt that anyone better than him will come along before I shuffle off this mortal coil.

Governor Christie and President 
Obama: the new "Odd Couple"?

One final non-historical note.  Assuming that a Republican is elected in 2016, it won't be New Jersey Governor Chris Christie.  (Trust me on that one.)

As I said above, this will be the last 2 or 3 lines to mention the 2012 election.  I feel happy about some of the results of that election, and unhappy about other results.  But I mostly feel glad that the damn thing is over.  I'm looking forward to a few years without campaign ads on TV and annoying Facebook posts that I feel compelled to make snarky comments about.

Unfortunately, I'm not going to get those few years.  A week after the 2012 election, a friend of mine who lives in Virginia got this in the mail:

The next campaign season has already begun!

You see, Virginia will elect its governor and certain other state officials in 2013.  And Maryland -- where I live -- will elect its governor and all its state legislators in 2014.  

Sigh.  There's no rest for the weary, boys and girls.

Harve Presnell as Wade Gustafson in Fargo

Here's "They Call the Wind Maria" from the 1969 movie version of Paint Your Wagon.  The singer is Harve Presnell, whom I remember fondly for his Wade Gustafson role in the brilliant 1996 comedy, Fargo.

Click below to buy the Paint Your Wagon soundtrack from Amazon:

Loretta Lynn -- "The Pill" (1975)

I'm tearin' down your brooder house

'Cause now I've got the pill!

Only two months until election day -- this campaign's been so much fun that I hate to see it end!  I bet you feel the same way!

There's been a lot of talk about a "gender gap" in this campaign.  The polls consistently show that the majority of male voters favor Mitt Romney while the majority of females favor Barack Obama.  

But the real gap isn't so much male vs. female as it is married vs. single.  A recent Washington Post/ABC News poll shows that married men favor Romney by 59% to 35%, while married women favor the GOP nominee by 55% to 40%.  Unmarried men favor Obama 51% to 41%, while unmarried women favor the incumbent by 57% to 32%.

The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which was ratified in 1920, guaranteed American women the right to vote.  But many states had previously allowed women to vote.  For example, Wyoming's first territorial legislature granted female suffrage in 1869, and became the first state to allow women to vote when it was admitted to the union in 1890.  

And the Utah Territory gave women the right to vote in 1870, long before the LDS church disavowed polygamy.  (Non-Mormons in the state supported women's suffrage because they thought women would vote to support the legal abolition of polygamy.  Mormons supported women's suffrage because they wanted to counter the popular image that Mormon women were mistreated and exploited by their polygamous husbands.) 

Generally speaking, states west of the Mississippi were way ahead of those east of the Mississippi when it came to giving women the vote.

Here's a map illustrating women's suffrage in 1915.  The green states allowed women to vote in all elections.  The yellow states allowed women to vote for president.  The blue states allowed women to vote in party primaries.  The red states -- including all the original 13 states except for New York -- did not allow women to vote at all.

Most of the men who opposed female suffrage did so because they opposed prohibition, and many more women than men supported prohibition.  Those men didn't really care if women could vote or not.  They did care about whether they could continue to get whiskey and beer at the neighborhood saloon.

If women of childbearing age had to choose between the right to vote or the pill, which do you think they would pick?  I wouldn't be surprised if the majority chose the pill.

The pill had a dramatic effect on the lives of young women.  It had a dramatic effect on the lives of young men, too.

The oral contraceptive pill was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1960, but was not legal for married and unmarried women to use in all states until 1972, when the Supreme Court struck down a Massachusetts law prohibiting the distribution of contraceptives to unmarried women.

Enovid -- the original oral contraceptive

Loretta Lynn, who was born in Butcher Hollow, Kentucky, in 1932, was married when she was 15 years old and bore four children before she turned 21.  She released a number of records that speak to women who (like Lynn herself) grew up poor in rural areas, married young, and spent their twenties and thirties barefoot and pregnant.  

But her heroines are usually what Lynn's website calls "take-no-crap women" who take no crap from their all-too-often hard-drinking and philandering husbands (not to mention the tawdry sluts with whom they philander).

A very young Loretta Lynn

Her 1971 hit, "One's on the Way," contrasts the comings and goings of rich celebrity gals to the everyday life of a working-class Topeka housewife:

They say to have her hair done 
Liz flies all the way to France
And Jackie's seen in a discotheque 
Doin' a brand new dance
And the White House social season 
Should be glittering and gay
But here in Topeka, the rain is a-fallin'
The faucet is a-drippin' and the kids are a-bawlin'
One of them is toddlin' and one is a-crawlin' and

One's on the way

The narrator notes that "the pill may change the world tomorrow," but she herself obviously isn't on it.  As the song ends, she reiterates that she's pregnant yet again ("one's on the way"), and then exclaims, "Oh gee, I hope it ain't twins again."  (Lynn's youngest two children were twin girls.)

Here's a video of Loretta Lynn singing "One's on the Way" on a Muppets TV special:

By 1975, it would seem that our Topeka housewife has had a change of heart.  In "The Pill" -- which was recorded in 1972, but not released until 1975 because of its controversial subject matter -- the song's heroine takes advantage of the availability of reliable and convenient birth control to level the playing field with her playboy husband.

All these years I've stayed at home

While you had all your fun

And every year that's gone by

Another baby's come

There's gonna be some changes made

Right here on nursery hill

You've set this chicken your last time

'Cause now I've got the pill

The narrator has decided it's time to kick up her heels and make up for all those years she was tied down by her children:

This old maternity dress I've got

Is goin' in the garbage

The clothes I'm wearin' from now on

Won't take up so much yardage

Miniskirts, hot pants, 

And a few little fancy frills

I'm makin' up for all those years

Since I've got the pill

The songwriters of "The Pill" compare the constantly pregnant narrator to a broody hen, whose only function is to lay eggs and hatch chicks.  The song is full of poultry-related terms.  For example, the lines quoted at the beginning of the post refer to a "brooder house," which is a structure where young chicks are raised.  (I appreciate all the poultry references because some of my Arkansas aunts and uncles and cousins raised chickens when I was a kid, and I vividly remember my occasional visits to their chicken farms.)

A broody hen will roost on just about anything

Of course, it takes two to tango, and one reason that the singer of "The Pill" is constantly pregnant is that she likes having sex.  Now she can truly enjoy sex as often as she wants -- with her husband, or perhaps with someone else -- without having to worry about becoming pregnant as a result.

This incubator is overused

Because you've kept it filled

The feelin' good comes easy now

Since I've got the pill

"The Pill" climbed higher on the pop charts than any of Lynn's previous singles, but it made it only to #5 on the country charts -- which is bad only in comparison with the string of very successful singles that preceded it.  ("One's on the Way" was a #1 hit, and each of the seven singles Lynn released immediately prior to "The Pill" rose higher than #5.)  That's because a fair number of radio stations refused to air the record.

One of the stations that did not refuse to air "The Pill" was WHRB, the Harvard University radio station.  When I was a law student, I listened regularly to "Hillbilly at Harvard," a Saturday program that featured traditional country and bluegrass music.  (The show's slogan was "Country Music for Eastern New England," which was certainly accurate.  In those days, the next-closest country station was probably at least 500 miles away.)

One final note on the significance of "The Pill": Lynn once said in an interview that a number of country doctors had told her that her record had done more to promote birth control in rural areas than anything else.

Loretta Lynn in 2010

So who is Loretta Lynn voting for this year?  As far as I know, she hasn't said.  I'm guessing she'd go with the Republicans.  She has been close to the Bush family for a long time, and she's defended Sarah Palin: "I like her.  She's a good woman . . . . It makes me mad that they all put her down.  She's smarter than all of them and they put her down."  

And despite controversial songs like "The Pill," Lynn sounds like a cultural conservative.  She calls herself "an old Bible girl," and has a traditional view of marriage: "God said you need to be a woman and a man."

On the other hand, she is unhappy that the government isn't doing more to help the poor.  "I'd quit sending all this money overseas and try to help my people here," she said recently.  "Quit letting somebody borrow money that's already rich, help the poor out."  

Here's "The Pill":

Click below to order this song from Amazon.